GIDEON update 1997.4

Decemeber 1, 1997

Diagnosis          The designation, "Fever +> 3 weeks"  has been
changed to, "Fever / illness >= 3 weeks"  (a number of prolonged
infections are not necessarily characterized by fever).  Check through
the old cases in your files [F3] - you may wish to alter  the symptom
list accordingly.

Epidemiology
New diseases added                African tick bite fever, Astrakhan
                                  fever, Flinders Island spotted
                                  fever, Israeli tick typhus, Japanese
                                  spotted fever
Name change                       Zaire has been renamed 'Democratic
                                  Republic of Congo'
Database parameters               Botulism, Kyasanur Forest disease,
                                  Mediterranean spotted fever,
                                  Metorchiasis, Plague, Q-fever,
                                  Venezuelan equine encephalitis
Global distribution updated       Angiostrongyliasis, Bertielliasis,
                                  Ehrlichiosis, European tick
                                  encephalitis, Hantavirus respiratory
                                  distress syndrome, Lyme disease
Notes expanded or added
<Worldwide> notes for individual diseases have been extensively expanded
- take time to review them.

All reportable diseases           American Samoa, Australia, Finland,
                                  Guam, Israel, Northern Marianas,
                                  Poland,  Puerto Rico,  Spain, Trust
                                  Territories, United States , Virgin
                                  Islands
Aeromonas & marine Vibrio         United States
Ameba - free living               Australia
Anasakiasis                       Netherlands
Angiostrongyliasis                Egypt
Anthrax                           Jordan, Russia
Ascariasis                        China
Bacillus cereus                   Australia, Denmark, Finland, Germany,
                                  Hungary, Iceland, Netherlands, Spain,
                                  United Kingdom
Bartonellosis - cat associated    Netherlands, Switzerland
Bartonellosis - South Amer.       Ecuador
Bertielliasis                     <Worldwide>
Botulism                          Canada, New Zealand, Spain
Campylobacteriosis                All European countries, United States
Chlamydial infections, misc       Norway
Clonorchiasis                     China
Clostridial food poisoning        Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
                                  Iceland, Israel, Spain, Sweden, United
                                  Kingdom
Clostridium difficile colitis     <Worldwide>
Crimean Congo Hem. Fever          Oman, Saudi Arabia
Cryptococcosis                    <Worldwide>
Cryptosporidium                   United Kingdom
Cyclospora infection              Guatemala, Haiti, Nepal, United States
Cysticercosis                     Brazil, Indonesia, Madagascar, Mexico,
                                  Peru, United States
Dengue                            Barbados, Costa Rica, Fiji, Indonesia,
                                  Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand,
                                  Puerto Rico, Samoa, Trust Territories,
                                  United States, Vanuatu
Diphtheria                        Canada, Denmark, France, Germany,
                                  Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia,
                                  Sweden, United Kingdom
Dracunculiasis                    Sudan
Eastern Equine Encephalitis       Mexico, United States
Enterobiasis                      China
Enterovirus infection             United States
Ehrlichiosis - granulocytic       United States
Escherichia coli diarrhea         Japan, Korea, United Kingdom, United
                                  States, <Worldwide>
European tick encephalitis        Saudi Arabia
Filariasis - bancroftian          Brazil, French Polynesia, Thailand
Giardiasis                        Sweden
Gonorrhea                         Indonesia, Mongolia, Norway
Hantavirus - old world            Finland, Russia
Hantavirus resp. syndrome         Brazil, Canada, Chile, Paraguay,
                                  United States, <Worldwide>
Hepatitis A                       Argentina, Denmark, Finland, Italy,
                                  Japan, Sweden, Switzerland, United
                                  Kingdom
Hepatitis B                       Denmark, Italy, Nepal, Norway, Peru,
                                  Zimbabwe
Hepatitis C                       France, Nepal, New Zealand, Saudi
                                  Arabia, South Africa, Thailand,
                                  Trinidad and Tobago, Zimbabwe,
                                  <Worldwide>
Hepatitis D                       India, Italy, Mexico, <Worldwide>
Hepatitis E                       Brazil, Burundi, India, Indonesia, Ivory
                                  Coast, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore
Hepatitis G                       Brazil, Egypt, Japan, Spain, Taiwan
Herpes simplex infection          United Kingdom, United States
Hookworm                          China, Mali, Viet Nam
Influenza                         <Worldwide>
Japanese encephalitis             India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal,
                                  Taiwan
Kyasanur forest disease           India
Lassa fever                       Guinea
Legionellosis                     All reporting European countries,
                                  <Worldwide>
Leishmaniasis - cutaneous         Jordan, Malta, Saudi Arabia, Syria,
                                  Venezuela, <Worldwide>
Leish. - mucocutaneous            <Worldwide>
Leishmaniasis - visceral          Brazil, Germany, India, Italy, Malta,
                                  Nepal, <Worldwide>
Leprosy                           Trust Territories U.S., <Worldwide>
Leptospirosis                     Argentina, India, New Caledonia
Listeriosis                       Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, New
                                  Zealand, Sweden, United States,
                                  <Worldwide>
Loaiasis                          Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Chad, Central
                                  African Republic,, Congo, Equatorial
                                  Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Sudan, Uganda,
                                  Zaire
Lyme disease                      Bulgaria, Canada, Ireland, Poland,
                                  Switzerland, Tunisia, <Worldwide>
Lymphocytic choriomen.            United States
Measles                           All Latin American and Caribbean
                                  countries, American Samoa, Fiji,
                                  France, New Zealand, Norway, United
                                  States, <Worldwide>
Mediterranean spotted fever       Spain, Switzerland, <Worldwide>
Melioidosis                       Singapore
Meningitis - bacterial            Argentina, Australia, Barbados,
                                  Benin, Burkina Faso, Canada, Chile,
                                  Cuba, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Ghana,
                                  Guinea, Honduras, Iceland, Ireland,
                                  Jamaica, Mali, Mexico, Morocco,
                                  Mozambique,  New Zealand, Nicaragua,
                                  Niger, Panama, Paraguay Sierra Leone,
                                  Sudan, Sweden, Taiwan,  United
                                  Kingdom, United States, Uruguay,
                                  Venezuela, Zaire, Zambia
Monkeypox                         Zaire
Mycetoma                          <Worldwide>
Mycoplasma pneum. inf.            Australia
Necrotizing soft tissue infx.     United States
Norwalk agent                     Australia, Sweden, United Kingdom,
                                  <Worldwide>
O'Nyong-Nyong                     Uganda
Onchocerciasis                    Burundi
Oropouche                         Peru
Ornithosis                        Canary Islands, United States
Paragonimiasis                    China
Parainfluenza virus               United Kingdom, <Worldwide>
Parvovirus B19                    Czechoslovakia
Pediculosis                       <Worldwide>
Pertussis                         Denmark, Netherlands, Norway, United
                                  Kingdom, United States
Plague                            Madagascar, Malawi, Mongolia,
                                  Mozambique
Pogosta disease                   Finland
Poliomyelitis                     Eastern Mediterranean region (all
                                  countries), India, <Worldwide>
Q fever                           Canary Islands, Guyana, Tanzania
Rabies                            Argentina, France, Jordan, South
                                  Africa, Switzerland, Thailand, United
                                  States
Respiratory syncytial virus       Finland
Reye's syndrome                   United States, <Worldwide>
Respiratory syncytial virus       Australia, Canary Islands
Rhinosporidiosis                  Yugoslavia
Rocky Mt. spotted fever           Brazil, <Worldwide>
Rubella                           Barbados, Canada, Colombia, Guyana,
                                  Jamaica, Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago
Salmonellosis                     Canada, Denmark, Finland, France,
                                  Japan, Korea, Spain, United Kingdom,
                                  United States, <Worldwide>
Sandfly fever                     <Worldwide>
Schistosomiasis - haemat.         Jordan
Schistosomiasis - mansoni         Botswana, St. Lucia, Uganda
Shigellosis                       South Africa, United Kingdom
Staphyl. food poisoning           Australia, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland,
                                  France, Hungary, Iceland, Israel,
                                  Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Spain,
                                  Sweden
St. Louis encephalitis            United States
Syphilis                          Ethiopia, Mongolia, Norway, United
                                  Kingdom
Taeniasis                         Burundi, Indonesia
Tetanus                           Canada, Denmark, Finland, United
                                  States
Toxocariasis                      Nepal
Toxoplasmosis                     Canada, Grenada
Toxic shock syndrome              United States
Trichinosis                       Canada, China
Trichuriasis                      China
Trypanosomiasis - American        Argentina, Belize, Mexico, United
                                  States
Typhoid                           Bahrain, Dominican Republic, Qatar,
                                  United Kingdom
Typhus - endemic                  <Worldwide>
Typhus - epidemic                 Burundi, Ethiopia, Switzerland,
                                  Tanzania, <Worldwide>
Typhus - scrub                    Indonesia, Japan
Venezuelan equine enceph.s        Peru
Vesicular stomatitis              United States, <Worldwide>
Vibrio parahaemolyticus           Canada
West Nile fever                   Egypt
Yersiniosis                       Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom

High-impact global diseases:
AIDS                              American Samoa, Australia, Belgium,
                                  Canary Islands, Czechoslovakia,
                                  Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia,
                                  Finland, France, Guam, Haiti,
                                  Indonesia, Italy, Malta, Mongolia,
                                  Netherlands,  Northern Marianas,
                                  Puerto Rico, Russia, Spain, Sweden,
                                  Switzerland, Taiwan, Trust Territories,
                                  Turkey, Uganda, United Kingdom, United
                                  States, <Worldwide>

Cholera                           Argentina, Bahrain, Bolivia, Burundi,
                                  Brazil, Cameroon, Colombia, El
                                  Salvador, Finland, France, Germany,
                                  Guatemala,  Guinea Bissau, India,
                                  Indonesia, Iran, Kenya, Mexico,
                                  Mozambique, Nicaragua, Peru, Russia,
                                  Sri Lanka, Tanzania, United Kingdom,
                                  United States, Venezuela
Malaria                           All endemic countries, Canary Islands,
                                  Finland, France, Guam, Italy, Kuwait,
                                  Puerto Rico, Spain, United States,
                                  <Worldwide>
Tuberculosis                      Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana,
                                  Denmark, Dominican Republic, Finland,
                                  France, Guam, Malta,  New Zealand,
                                  Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania,
                                  Russia, Sweden, Taiwan, United States,
                                  Virgin Islands, <Worldwide>
Yellow fever                      Brazil, Colombia, Liberia

Therapy
Drugs added                       Delavirdine, Fosfomycin, Nelfinavir
Pharmacological profile           Amantadine, Azithromycin, Cefepime,
                                  Cefotetan, Cefprozil, Ciprofloxacin,
                                  Dirithromycin, Famcyclovir, Foscarnet,
                                  Indinavir, Itraconazole, Ketoconazole,
                                  Levofloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Meropenem,
                                  Minocycline,  Nevirapine, Pyrazinamide,
                                  Quinine,  Quinupristin/dalfopristin,
                                  Ritonavir, Rifabutin, Roxithromycin,
                                  Saquinivir, Sparfloxacin, Spiramycin,
                                  Stavudine, Streptomycin, Tetracyclines
Susceptibility database           Campylobacter coli, Candida glabrata,
                                  Candida krusei, Candida lusitaneae,
                                  Candida parapsillosis, Candida tropicalis,
                                  Mobiluncus spp. Saccharomyces cereviseae
Testing criteria                  Meropenem
Interactions database             Delavirdine, Encainide, Bupropion,
                                  Nelfinavir, Piroxicam

Microbiology
New taxa added                  Burkholderia multivorans, Corynebacterium
                                durum, Corynebacterium mucifaciens,
                                Corynebacterium singulare, Enterobacter
                                kobei, Holdemania filiformis, Mycobacterium
                                novocastrense, Vagococcus fluvialis
Phenotypic database             Helcoccus kunzii, Serpulina pilosicoli